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Mohandas Gandhi adopted his creed of nonviolence and respect for life from the religious doctrines of?
A. Jainism.
B. Buddhism.
C. Islam.
D. Sikhism.

2. Among regional languages, _______ combines Hindi with Arabic script and is the official language of _______.

A. Punjabi; Afghanistan
B. Sinhalese; Sri Lanka
C. Urdu; Pakistan
D. Bengali; Bangladesh

3. In reference to civil conflict in Sri Lanka, the expression “Tamil Eelam” translates as Tamil

A. Homeland.
B. Tigers.
C. People.
D. Independence.

4. Sudanese violence against non-Arab peoples in the western province of Darfur has introduced the world to the term Janjaweed. What does this term translate to in English?

A. “Rapist assassin”
B. “Paramilitary assassin”
C. “Devil on horseback with a gun”
D. “Criminal bandit”

5. After the Iranian Revolution of 1979 brought the Ayatollah Khomeini to power, fundamentalist Islamic sharia law was infused into Iranian government policies. In reaction to this development, most

A. Muslim countries rejected and suppressed Islamic fundamentalists.
B. Muslim countries turned to terrorism to further Muslim interests.
C. Muslim countries also adopted sharia law.
D. Sunni Muslims rejected sharia law, because most Iranians are Shia.

6. Among the countries on the margins of the South Asian region, population growth and fertility are highest in

A. Nepal.
B. Sri Lanka.
C. the Maldives.
D. Afghanistan.

7. Among the most populous of South Asian cities, Karachi is located in _______ and Dhaka is located in _______.

A. India; Pakistan
B. Bangladesh; India
C. Bangladesh; Pakistan
D. Pakistan; Bangladesh

In a/an _______ economy, the production of a wide range of manufactured products becomes more economically important than primary production and a service sector begins to develop.

A. international
B. production
C. diversified
D. developing

9. In India, the government favors the building of dams in order to

A. provide systematic irrigation.
B. invite foreign investment.
C. reduce dependency on irrigation.
D. reverse the effects of salinization.

10. Which of the following global religions arose in India?

A. Hinduism
B. Buddhism
C. Sikhism
D. Jainism

About what percentage of the Indian population lives in the lower and middle Ganges river basin?

A. 70%
B. 50%
C. 60%
D. 40%

12.The last great empire centered in Southwest Asia was the _______ Empire.

A. Roman
B. Byzantine
C. Mongol
D. Ottoman

13. In 1997, the year the Kyoto Protocol was endorsed by more than 120 countries, the top carbon dioxide emitters included Persian Gulf says such as Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. Among the top 10 emitters, which country ranked seventh?

A. Kuwait
B. Bahrain
C. United States
D. Saudi Arabia

14. With regard to British influences on India, which of the following statements is true?

A. A primary objective of British rule was attaining food self-sufficiency for Indians.
B. The common name for the British Indian Empire was the “British Raj.”
C. The British Indian Army was not expected to serve British interests beyond India.
D. The British East India Company ruled India after a sepoy rebellion in 1867.

15. What was Mustafa Ataturk’s contribution to modern Turkey?

A. He began the process of turning Turkey into a modernized, secular state.
B. He was instrumental in policy changes that gave Turkey membership in NATO.
C. He established a democratic, parliamentary government.
D. He breathed new vitality into Turkish culture through religious reforms.

16. Medinas capture the one-of-a-kind historical character and social patterns of cities in North Africa and Southwest Asia. Labyrinths of winding alleys and many kinds of souks are typical features. What are souks?

A. Bordellos
B. Ethnic quarters
C. Commercial areas
D. Sacred sites

17. Which of the following was the main purpose behind the formation of the Arab League in 1945?

A. To establish a homeland for the Palestinians
B. To create a Pan-Arab economic bloc to counter Western hegemony
C. To unite all Arab countries under a single Pan-Arab state
D. To unite Arab opposition to the founding of Israel

18. The North African Maghreb states, dominated by the Atlas Mountains, do not include

A. Morocco.
B. Algeria.
C. Libya.
D. Tunisia.

19. The 1959 Nile Water Agreement between Egypt and _______ led to the construction of the Aswan High Dam.

A. Syria
B. Sudan
C. Libya
D. Saudi Arabia

20. Among Hindus, members of the lowest caste are commonly referred to by the term dalit, which means

A. “despised.”
B. “segregated.”
C. “disadvantaged.”
D. “oppressed.”

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